Video: The Map of Deforestation

Deforestation – the loss or destruction of naturally occurring forests primarily due to human activity – is a growing problem throughout the globe with tremendous environmental and economic consequences.  Deforestation is primarily created by logging, cutting down trees for fuel, slash-and-burn agriculture, clearing land for livestock grazing, mining operations, oil extraction, dam building and urban sprawl. Logging alone, which in many cases is illegal, accounts for the loss of more than 32 million acres of natural forest every year according to The Nature Conservancy.

To imagine deforestation is quite tricky and to nail its patterns down is quite tricky. We know forests are shrinking, but knowing exactly where and by how much often means compiling locally reported data that can be shoddy, incomplete, or outdated according to University of Maryland geographer Matthew Hansen. Better data would be an invaluable tool for resource managers looking to preserve trees, and for climate scientists who want to crunch how much carbon they can store, Hansen realized. So he set about to create the most high-resolution map of global forests ever made, partnering with Google Earth to process some 650,000 images taken by NASA satellites over the last decade.

In the exclusive video above, Hansen takes us on a tour of his new maps and the startling situation they reveal. “It’s a big leap forward in terms of a set of facts, a set of observations on what this dynamic is,” Hansen said.

One of the next steps, Hansen said, is to use the data to gauge exactly what this deforestation means for climate change. Trees are one of the largest “sinks” for carbon dioxide; previous studies suggest forests absorb a third of the carbon released by burning fossil fuels.

Sources:
http://www.motherjones.com/blue-marble/2013/11/watch-mapping-deforestation-google-earth
http://environment.about.com/od/biodiversityconservation/f/deforestation-overview.htm

Do Guardian Angels Really Exist?

Investigating Our Invisible Companions

Author: Jay Schadler and Harry Phillips via Nightline

In the moment of mayhem or in an instant of exquisite fear, people often report being comforted by an invisible companion, what some call a “guardian angel.”

But who is the guardian angel?

John Geiger is an internationally known explorer and author who has been investigating this phenomenon for years and said it remains a great mystery.

“The stories are always similar — that there’s a sense of another being, a presence very vividly,” Geiger said. “There is never any fear or panic when this being appears. There is just a sense of calm, peace and a sense of benevolence, a sense that there’s something good there, something that will help them.”

There have been numerous reports of this vivid presence.

Stephanie Schwabe, 54, of Charleston, S.C., was cave diving for a research project in the Bahamas when she lost her safety line.

“I suddenly realized I was in trouble,” she said. “My heart rate, I could hear it bouncing in my eyes, and I just kind of sat down on the [cave] floor and cried.”

Schwabe’s husband and diving partner, Rob Palmer, had died in a diving accident in the Red Sea only weeks before. Now, alone, she was facing her own dark death.

“Suddenly, the whole cave brightened up,” she said.

Schwabe said that into that watery world floated the words of her late husband: “Believe you can, believe you can’t; either way, you are right.”

“And then I calmed down and then I suddenly looked around and I saw what I thought was a white thread,” she said. “It was kind of like he was there for me, in a way — in an emotional way.”

So what was going on there? Geiger said he doesn’t think people like Schwabe are having hallucinations, but instead are experiencing a “very concrete survival mechanism” that is part of human heritage. In a life- threatening crisis, Geiger believes, our minds experience both the terror of the moment and the peace of perspective.

“The brain is able to sort of stand back from that, and sort of rise above that and rationally help this person get through that,” he said. “The guardian angel is us.”

Angles MiraclesIn extreme cases, our subconscious companion appears to take the form of a physical or spiritual entity.

Rose Benvenuto, 71, of Poughquag, N.Y., said she saw hers at the scene of a terrible car wreck.

“Only my guardian angel could have saved me from such an accident,” she said.

She believes that the proof lies in a photograph, seen by millions on the Internet, that she said shows the guardian angel who helped her escape from a near-fatal car accident. But Geiger disagreed.

“When I see a picture like that, I’m skeptical,” he said. “I really think the basis of this is neurological. … I do think this is something our brain is creating.”

Yet voices, he said, like the one Schwabe said she heard, seem to be almost commonplace.

“They will always say they heard a voice,” Geiger said. “I’ll say, ‘Was it audible? Would other people have heard it?’ [They’ll say,] ‘No, no, but I heard a voice,’ so there is a communication that’s happening inside them.”

Sometimes, the communication isn’t with sound but with images.

A few weeks ago, Marty Hodges, 46, of Kalamazoo, Mich., took his two teenage boys skiing in Colorado. The wide-open spaces seemed perfect for a man who suffers from extreme claustrophobia, but then an avalanche happened.

“When I was hit by the snow and I was immediately turned inside out in this complete blackness, I was sure I was going to die,” Hodges said.

“It’s really fast,” added his son, Jordan. “I saw it just coming towards me and I couldn’t do anything and, finally, my goggles ripped off. Then I had snow coming down my throat and I couldn’t breathe for 15 seconds.”

But instead of being paralyzed by his claustrophobia, Marty’s mind delivered an even more chilling vision and a reason to fight his way free.

“I could see myself literally at Denver International Airport, out on the tarmac, watching my son, watching him going in an old-fashioned pine box being slid into the back of a 757,” he said. “I could see it very clearly.

Driven by the haunting image, Hodges battled through the snow and was able to search for and then reunite with his sons.

In the end, all of these cases remind us that it can be a very rough universe out there. To survive it, a little help from our guardian angels just might be essential.

“Humans are very resilient creatures,” Geiger said. “I think that the basis of that resilience, in part, is this capacity, this sense that we are not alone.”

From ABC News

Stress increases inflammation!

Dwelling on negative events can increase levels of inflammation in the body, a new Ohio University study finds.

Researchers discovered that when study participants were asked to ruminate on a stressful incident, their levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of tissue inflammation, rose. The study is the first time to directly measure this effect in the body. “Much of the past work has looked at this in non-experimental designs. Researchers have asked people to report their tendency to ruminate, and then looked to see if it connected to physiological issues. It’s been correlational for the most part,” said Peggy Zoccola, Metaphysicsan assistant professor of psychology at Ohio University.

Zoccola is lead author on the new study, which she will present Friday at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society in Miami, Fla.  The research team recruited 34 healthy young women to participate in the project. Each woman was asked to give a speech about her candidacy for a job to two interviewers in white laboratory coats, who listened with stone-faced expressions, Zoccola said.

Half of the group was asked to contemplate their performance in the public speaking task, while the other half was asked to think about neutral images and activities, such as sailing ships or grocery store trips.  The researchers drew blood samples that showed that the levels of C-reactive protein were significantly higher in the subjects who were asked to dwell on the speech, Zoccola reported. For these participants, the levels of the inflammatory marker continued to rise for at least one hour after the speech. During the same time period, the marker returned to starting levels in the subjects who had been asked to focus on other thoughts.

The C-reactive protein is primarily produced by the liver as part of the immune system’s initial inflammatory response. It rises in response to traumas, injuries or infections in the body, Zoccola explained. C-reative protein is widely used as a clinical marker to determine if a patient has an infection, but also if he or she may be at risk for disease later in life. “More and more, chronic inflammation is being associated with various disorders and conditions,” Zoccola said. “The immune system plays an important role in various cardiovascular disorders such as heart disease, as well as cancer, dementia and autoimmune diseases.” Zoccola is working with Fabian Benencia in Ohio University’s Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Lauren Mente, a registered nurse and graduate student in the School of Nursing, to investigate the effect of rumination on additional inflammation markers. In addition, she hopes to study the issue in other populations, such as older adults, who might be vulnerable to rumination and health problems.

Study co-authors are Wilson Figueroa, Erin Rabideau and Alex Woody, all graduate students in the Ohio University Department of Psychology. This study was supported with funding from the Ohio University Research Committee.

Via: SCIENCEDAILY

Light of Consciousness – Magazine

 

By the grace or mercy of God, we have been given the faculty of distinguishing what is real and what is unreal, what is permanent or changeful, what is proper or improper. This capacity takes us out of the rut of circular, mechanical thinking, beyond intellectual understanding to insight. The first step is to watch your thoughts. You may not be able to do this during work or in busy times, at least not in the beginning. But as you proceed with silent contemplation or meditation ask yourself, “Is this thought permanent or transitory, real or unreal?” by Swami Amar Jyoti

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